Overview
Objects that are near, or proximate to each other, tend to be grouped together.
Takeaways
- Proximity helps to establish a relationship with nearby objects.
- Elements in close proximity are perceived to share similar functionality or traits.
- Proximity helps users understand and organize information faster and more efficiently.
Origins
The principles of grouping (or Gestalt laws of grouping) are a set of principles in psychology, first proposed by Gestalt psychologists to account for the observation that humans naturally perceive objects as organized patterns and objects, a principle known as Prägnanz. Gestalt psychologists argued that these principles exist because the mind has an innate disposition to perceive patterns in the stimulus based on certain rules. These principles are organized into five categories: Proximity, Similarity, Continuity, Closure, and Connectedness.
Further Reading
Related
Law of Common Region
Elements tend to be perceived into groups if they are sharing an area with a clearly defined boundary.
Law of Uniform Connectedness
Elements that are visually connected are perceived as more related than elements with no connection.
Fitts’s Law
The time to acquire a target is a function of the distance to and size of the target.